Right To Freedom Of Religion And Expression Religion Essay

Right To Freedom Of Religion And Expression Religion Essay Religion is a particular system of faith and belief concerning the cause, nature and the purpose of the universe. There are number of religions in the world with the major religions as Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism. Each religion has different concept of God as well as different lifestyles as guided by their religious leaders. It can be clearly observed that every person has distinctive lifestyle with their own interests, activities, opinions and attitude. Even the way they are carrying themselves in the dresses or their outer appearance also forms the essential part of their lifestyles. While most of the civilized societies have settled down in peace with the tremendous efforts in raising the respect for each religion amongst the residents, creating the essence of brotherhood and humanism, there still exist many areas in the world where intolerable attitudes towards other religions and their lifestyles are found and the conflicts still remain unresolved. From past histo ry to present day, there are so many stories and incidents revealing about the religious wars and their resulting in emotional, physical and economical calamities. If it is seen through the past history, first the war started between Jews and Christians followed by the Christians and Muslims and then later some intolerable Muslim emperors and leaders started discriminating and violating the Hindu beliefs and lifestyles. And in this way throughout history religion has been misunderstood and abused. Majority uses it as a source of power and domination over the other religion people and their beliefs. In fact in the name of the religion number of injustices is done in one way or other and in the cause whole humanity is suffering from the earlier BC period till now. And this violation has been done to such an extent that even the word religion has lost its true meaning which is sign of peace. Truth is that no religion taught this. Every religion spreads the message of peace. Though thes e conflictions have been diluting with the time but unfortunately it seems to be everlasting and will be always lingering amongst the societies. Always such examples can be traced where there is a conflict on the views, violation in the name of the religion, hatred for others activities even in the present day. And where the extremists do not have any ironic point to fight at they start attacking the minor issues like dress codes. Dresses give the reflection of their religions. In some cases the dresses they wear is obligatory to wear them. Major religions that have the strict dress codes are Islam, Sikhism, Buddhism and monks. In Islam, its obligatory for both men and women to wear the modest dress but women have to wear the clothes that cover almost every part o her body except face, hands and feet (Hijab). Both Sikhs men and women have to cover their heads according to their religious laws. They wear a metal bracelet (Kara) on their wrists as it is their religious identity. Traditional dress of the Jews men includes payos, curled forelocks and shawls. Buddhist nuns and monks wear robes (http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0900638.html). And similarly many other existing believers in this world have some sort of traditions and faiths about what they wear. Some part of the world also has such people who do not believe in system of religious clothing. They like to wear whatever they like without any religious pre ssure. As a general rule, the rights to freedom of religion and expression entail, that all people should be free to choose what and what not to wear. These rights cannot be restricted simply because some even a majority find a form of dress objectionable or offensive. But the problem exists when the persons individual choice is curbed due to the facts and merely useless causes. Whatever be the reason for this, it is totally inhumane. Without going beyond hundred years or centuries, past recent years itself gives the evidence of such happenings. The most popular controversial issue has been the matter of Hijab that has reflected huge disagreements between the Muslim beliefs and western societies. Some other examples also dictate the similar stories are discussed below. Controversy of Hijab in the western countries Not so far it was the recurrent news in 2004 when France government banned the wearing of Hijab and Burqa in the schools, colleges, work places and even most of the public places. Even some other countries like Spain and Germany also wanted to implicate such laws in their respective countries. After the incidence of 11/11 even America was not behind in restricting the Muslims from openly following their religious beliefs though they claim the reasons for this to be political. In one of the articles its stated that If you chose to wear Hijab guaranteed obstacles are going to come your way. There will be a problem in schools and colleges, in the career field. The girls who will be wearing Hijab will not have as many as opportunities as the girls who are without it. (Nadia Fadir, 2009). They suffer great underestimation just because of something that has so modest reason to be followed. Wearing Hijab does not at all mean that women cannot perform better or possess less knowledge. In fac t this is something which protects the women from bad part of the society. Why there are such conflictions where innocent are suffering? Is it less than a terrorist attack? It cannot be judged to what extent it is hurting and exploiting the rights of the woman. Definitely Muslims have full right to fight against these unjust laws to be implicated. It is right to defend the girls right to wear her religious dressings if she chooses so. On the other hand she should not be forced if she does not want to. That is also unacceptable. As Muslims denounce the violation of their religious freedom similarly they should also tolerate the non-Muslim beliefs and care should be taken that their ways are not unmolested. Issue of the Sikh turban While there was a ban on headscarves there was equal opposition on the Sikhs wearing turbans and even the Jews wearing yarmulkes in the western countries. Sikh turbans are facing the difficult times in the western countries though the current immigration status of the Sikhs originated in the period of 1980s when there were many conflicts between Hindus and Sikhs in India (Priyeneha Gohil, 2004). Though time have brought a great change to the Indian province regarding the religious matters, but for a long period of time Sikhs did not have much space in the political world and were assigned for other high official posts in a limited number. Turban was the major reason behind their rights being curbed. They were looked upon by odd eyes as they were not the part of the society. Besides being a citizen of India, they are just found adjusting in the Punjab Territory. India is majorly a Hindu country and Hindus are not accustomed to cover their heads with turban as Sikhs. These rights canno t be restricted simply because some even a majority find a form of dress objectionable or offensive. Their right of wearing turbans should not be violated. They have full right to follow their own ways and lifestyles. They should have an equal access to all the opportunities as an integral part of the community. Other similar issues Religion is a way of life. Everyone has an equal right to choose their own lifestyle. Number of people in this world decides not to follow any particular belief and desire for freedom of thought and outward appearance but now on contrary, these sorts of people have also been targeted somewhere by the religious countries or religious people. They are tortured even if they are not harming anybody or interfering in others beliefs. They are blamed for spoiling the religious values and thought to be against the existence of God which is not true. Orthodox people forget that Gods first lesson through every religion is humanity. They possess intelligence and participate in the development of the economy as equally as others but yet they are not spared. Though small, but these significant issues are creating differences amongst the different cultures which are of no worth. It is giving rise to hatred and wars. The main reason for this reason we have made the religions as a cage to keep ourselves confined to that and trying to force others as well to remain within this rather than raising the spirituality levels which takes us to the greater heights. Spirituality will always overstate the similarities while understating the differences. These kinds of restrictions and conflicts are not adding to the glory of any religion or society but rather highlighting their harsh part. These all immoderate acts are the result of the ignorance of the true meaning of the religion and the lack of knowledge and ill-bred nature. These behaviours are anti ethical to religious and moral ethics. Moreover when the God will measure the man he will measure the hearts but not the brains and outward appearance unless it is becoming the reason of causing some deadly sins to prevail.

English Traffic Light Curious Incident Essay

Mark Haddon uses Christopher’s explanation of his confusion to create sympathy for Christopher throughout the book. Christopher is a 15 year old boy with Asperger’s Syndrome. Christopher is extremely intelligent when it comes to maths and science. However, in the common cases of communicating normally, he struggles. He rejects being touched, and when he has absorbed too much information, he can’t handle it; he crouches on the floor and groans. His life is not a normal one; he goes to a special school, has no one he talks to who is of the same age, follows a strict timetable and lives alone with his father. This thing that Haddon has included creates endless sympathy for Christopher. In Chapter 29, Christopher reveals and justifies why he hates metaphors. He thinks that metaphors ‘should be called a lie because a pig is not like a day and people do not have skeletons in their cupboards. ’ This is an example of how Christopher doesn’t think like other people. This makes you have sympathy for him because he doesn’t understand that metaphors are used for; making things more interesting, to make more sense of things by finding similarities. In addition, Christopher’s tone, narrative voice, also contributes to the sympathy for Christopher. The very easy and comprehensible language uses makes you understand how he thinks; ‘And then it started to rain and I got wet and I started shivering because I was cold. And then it was 11:32 p. m. and I heard voices of people walking along the street. ’ After each chapter in the book, which go up in prime numbers, with parts of the actual story, Christopher tends to babble on about memories, calculations and ideas, which sometimes can be slightly boring. Nonetheless; they show how Christopher thinks. This makes you feel sympathy for him because he clearly finds it difficult to focus on one thing; ‘The Hound of the Baskervilles is my favourite book. ’ And it shows that he can only understand maths and science because that’s mainly what he always talks about. Furthermore, the way Christopher expresses his love for his father is different from the usual hug; ‘He held up his right hand and spread his fingers out in a fan. I held up my left hand and spread my fingers out I a fan and we made our fingers and thumbs touch each other. We do this because sometimes Father wants to give me a hug, but I do not like hugging people, so we do this instead, and it means that he loves me. ’ This makes you feel sympathy for him because he can’t spread simple signs and messages to communicate love to people in the same way you’d expect or would find normal. Moreover, he has a strict routine timetable which is unlike others; (pg 192) To add to it, he finds it hard to distinguish between a smiling face and a crying one. (pg2)

Chinese Customs for Meeting New People

When it comes to making friends or meeting new clients, knowing the proper Chinese customs will help you make the best first impression possible. Tips for Meeting New People 1. Learning a little Chinese goes a long way. While it’s not necessary to master Chinese, learning to say a few phrases will help break the ice. Say ‘Hello’ on the telephone in ChineseSay Hello in Chinese.Say ‘How Are You?’ in ChineseSay â€Å"My Name is ___† in Chinese 2. While the Chinese prefer to bow at the waist for formal ceremonies and special events, a handshake and hello are becoming more and more popular. Always stand when being introduced and remain standing until introductions have been completed. You are expected to shake hands with everyone even if the delegation is rather large. 3. Immediately upon introduction, present your name card. Use two hands to present the business card to the person you are meeting. You name should be facing the person you are greeting. Most Chinese and foreign business people have bilingual business cards with Chinese on one side and English on the other. You should present the side of your card that is in the person’s native language. Be sure to give everyone in the room your business card so be sure to have plenty of hand at all times. 4. Once you receive your new acquaintance’s business card, do not write on it or shove it in your pocket. Take a minute to read it and look it over. This is a sign of respect. If you are seated at a table, place the name card in front of you on the table. If you are standing and will remain standing, you may place the card in a cardholder or discreetly in a breast or jacket pocket. 5. Remember that Chinese names are in reverse order of English names. The last name appears first. Until you become close business partners, address a person by their full name rather than their first name, by their title (for example, Managing Director Wang), or Mr./Ms. followed by the person’s surname. Learn More About Chinese Etiquette Chinese Banquet and Dining EtiquetteChinese Business EtiquetteEtiquette for Visiting a Chinese Home

Constitutional Separation of Legislative Jurisdiction - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1456 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Cause and effect essay Level High school Did you like this example? Constitutional Separation of Legislative Jurisdiction In the case of Latifah v Rosmawati[1], following the death of the deceased, who is the first respondent, the daughter of the deceased along with his second wife had filed a petition for the letters of administration of the deceasedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s estate. Meanwhile later, another of his daughter of his second wife was made a joint petitioner. Then, the third wife of the deceased, which is the appellant, and two of her children were also included in the list of the beneficiaries. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Constitutional Separation of Legislative Jurisdiction" essay for you Create order Subsequently, the appellant had entered a caveat in the deceasedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s estate. A dispute had arisen over the moneys in the joint accounts of the deceased with the appellant in the Bumiputra Commerce Bank (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"BCBà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢) and also the Standard Chartered Bank. These joint accounts were included among the assets of the estate of the deceased. However, the appellant had claimed that the monies in the two joint accounts were hers, as it has been given to her by the deceased himself as a gift. The respondents had claimed that they had belonged to the estate of the deceased. The petition was later converted to a writ. It was agreed between the parties that the principal issue to be tried was whether the monies in the joint accounts were the property of the appellant, such monies having been the subject of gifts inter vivos recognizable in Islamic law as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ by the deceased to the caveator who is the appellant. The learned High Court judge had ruled that the Islamic law applied for the determination of the issue. Applying what he found to be the Islamic law of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and had the facts before him he ruled that there had been no à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ or gift of the monies in the joint accounts to the appellant. In the Court of Appeal, the court held that the subject matter of the dispute, which was that of gifts inter vivos or hibah between Muslims was not a probate and administration matter and was within the jurisdiction of the Syariah Courts. Having come to the conclusion, the court then, applying the provisions of art 121(1A) of the Federal Constitution[2] had held that the civil High Court had no jurisdiction over the dispute and the orders made were null and void and have to be set aside. On 16 August 2006 this court granted leave to the appellant to appeal. Held, dismissing the appeal: (1) There had been a petition for a letter of administra tion in the Civil High Court. An issue had arose whether the joint accounts had form part of the estate of the deceased or not which had depended on whether there was a gift inter vivos or not. That gift inter vivos here simply means à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (the Islamic law of gifts) was agreed by the parties in the agreed questions posed in the High Court for its decision. In the circumstances, the Court of Appeal was correct to hold that it is the Islamic law of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ that applies.[3] (2) It was very clear that the determination whether the assets in question had been given as a valid à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ by the deceased to the appellant was a matter that falls within the jurisdiction of the syariah court. The Court of Appeal was right on this point. (3) Where a question had arisen as to whether a specific property forms part of the assets of an estate of a deceased person who is a Muslim in a petition for a a dministration letter in the Civil High Court, the answer to which will depend on whether there had been a gift inter vivos or not, that question should be determined in accordance with the Islamic Law of gift inter vivos or also known as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"hibahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. The determination of that issue and the beneficiary or beneficiaries which is entitled to it and in what proportion, if relevant, is within the jurisdiction of the Syariah court and the Civil court should give effect to it in the grant of a letter of administration, and also, subsequently, in distributing the estate Abdul Hamid Mohamad, FCJ had pointed out in the case Latifah v Rosmawati that, whereas the Federal Parliament under Article 74 of the Federal Constitution[4] has extensive powers over matters listed in the Federal List (which includes external affairs, defence, internal Security and marriage and divorce), it does not have the power to legislate in the following areas in relation to civil and cri minal law and procedure and the administration of justice, in respect of the constitution and organisation of the syariah courts, in respect of Islamic personal law relating to marriages, divorce, guardianship, maintenance, adoption, legitimacy, family law, gifts or succession, testate and intestate. Abdul Hamid Mohamad FCJ had also given a number of examples of how the constitutional arrangement under Article 74 had secured fairly clear-cut separation to avoid any conflict in this particular area. His Lordship observed,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"To give a example, while Parliament may make law in relation to marriage and divorce, it is not permitted to make law on the same subject-matter affecting Muslims because it falls under paragraph (ii), as Islamic personal law relating to marriage and divorce. The net effect is that marriage and divorce law of non-Muslims is a matter within the jurisdiction of Parliament to make, while marriage and divorce law of Muslims is a matter within the jurisd iction of the Legislature of a State to make. In these areas, there should be no room for conflict because Parliament, on the one hand, and the state legislatures, on the other, has clearly carved out areas in which they can legislate and clearly stipulated areas in which they cannot legislate. In those circumstances, room for legislative conflict is minimised and reduced. This is therefore a plus point in dealing these matters. Indeed, his Lordship had further observed in case,Latifah v Rosmawatithat if the laws are made by Parliament and state legislatures in strict compliance with the Federal List and State List, there should not be any situation where both courts have jurisdiction over the same issue or matter. However, his Lordship had warned that at one instance where such overlapping and conflicting jurisdictional problem could come about is where state legislatures overreach and make laws which are within the domain of the Federal Parliament. He also went on to say that h e was quite certain that there are such laws but had refused to list them. Thelandmark Federal Court decisionin Latifah Bte Mat Zin handed down in this case is a welcome relief. This decision clearly clarifies the law for both Muslims and non-Muslims, and also clarifies what matters may be properly dealt with by the respective Courts. It has clearly examined the Federal Constitution, its history and previously decided cases, before coming to the conclusions that had been stated. The Bar Council would commend the Federal Court in handing down this timely judgment that gives emphasis to the importance of acting in conformity with the Federal Constitution. The Judgment has also dealt with the effect of the relevant constitutional provisions and the position of the Civil Courts and Syariah Courts under the Constitution, and has also convincingly and satisfactorily resolved the question which is, whether implied power can be a source of jurisdiction in this context. This decision also brings about some certainty (and with that less anxiety and anguish to Muslims and non-Muslims) as to where parties may go and pursue their legal remedies. There is however one possible area of concern. The Federal Court judgment contemplates or conceives a situation where there may be matters that are outside the jurisdiction of both the Civil and the Syariah Courts. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s as well, in other words there could be situations where there is no available remedy in either of these courts. This is an issue of access to justice. It is resolved in certain situations which are covered in previous decisions of the Court, for example in Tan Sung Mooi[5], where a decision of the then Supreme Court which held that the Civil Courts would have jurisdiction where one of the parties was a non-Muslim.[6] However it may not be resolved in other situations. This therefore has to be comprehensively addressed either by the Courts or by Parliament as suggested in the Judgment. [1] [2007] 5 MLJ 101. [2] Federal Constitution, art 121(1A). [3] Latifah bte Mat Zin v Rosmawati bte Sharibun Anor [2007] 5 MLJ 101, accessed on 10 Jan 2014, https://ilms.agc.gov.my:88/online/uploaded/fc/LATIFAH%20BTE%20MAT%20ZIN%20v%20ROSMAWATI%20BTE%20SHARIBUN%20%20ANOR%20[2007]%205%20MLJ%20101.pdf [4] Article 74 of the Federal Constitution [5] [1994] [6] The Malaysian Bar(Badan Peguam Malaysia), Ambiga Sreenevasan, President of Malaysian Bar, accessed on 10 Jan 2014, https://www.malaysianbar.org.my/press_statements/press_statement_comment_on_federal_court_decision_in_latifah_bte_mat_zin.html